AUTION EYE AI-4510 Urine Particle Analysis System
K232416Arkray Inc. · cleared 2024-05-03 · product code LKM · Hematology
Premarket evidence — what FDA accepted
source quote (p.6)
“The AI-4510 System (AUTION EYE AI-4510) is a fully automated urine particle analyzer for in vitro diagnostic use that uses flow cell digital imaging technology in a clinical laboratory setting. Based on images captured in the flow method, the instrument automatically classifies the images of various formed elements. The principle of operation of the AI-4510 System is based on image capture and the digital processing of images for particle analysis and recognition from a locked sorting algorithm for clustering and classification.”
source quote (p.12)
“The principle of operation of the AI-4510 System is based on image capture and the digital processing of images for particle analysis and recognition from a locked sorting algorithm for clustering and classification.”
source quote (p.12)
“The principle of operation of the AI-4510 System is based on image capture and the digital processing of images for particle analysis and recognition from a locked sorting algorithm for clustering and classification. In addition, the AI-4510 System allows trained operators to manually review and reclassify all the element images collected by the system.”
Validation studies (9)
Bench
n=10 other · 1 site(s)
endpoints: repeatability for all twelve (12) elements from low to high concentrations
Bench
sample size not stated
endpoints: measurement imprecision
standards: CLSI EP05-A3
Bench
sample size not stated · 3 site(s)
endpoints: measurement imprecision
standards: CLSI EP05-A3
Bench
sample size not stated · 1 site(s)
endpoints: establish the linear interval for quantitative elements: RBC, WBC, and SQEC
standards: CLSI EP06-2nd Edition
Bench
sample size not stated
endpoints: Limit of Blank (LoB); Limit of Detection (LoD); Limit of Quantitation (LoQ)
standards: CLSI-EP17-A2
Bench
sample size not stated
endpoints: confirm that there are no carryover contaminations for all twelve (12) elements
Bench
sample size not stated
endpoints: evaluate the influence of interfering substances on the measurement of twelve (12) particle elements
Bench
sample size not stated
endpoints: confirm the sample stability of twelve (12) elements
Retrospective clinical
n=1,474 cases · 3 site(s)
endpoints: agreement of urine sample test results between the candidate device, the AI-4510 System, and the FDA-cleared predicate device, the iQ200 System (K093861) and manual microscopy
Reported performance (2 observations)
source quote (p.22)
“Sensitivity 76.2% (72.9%, 79.3%)”
source quote (p.22)
“Specificity 83.7% (81.0%, 86.1%)”
Each value carries its own analysis unit and task — never compare or pool across devices. Source: 510(k) summary PDF.
Predicate network
Postmarket — what happened after clearance
Recall and MAUDE counts are product-code-level (reports aren't reliably attributable to one device); a recall is shown as device-attributed only when the recall record itself lists this clearance number. Signals are descriptive observables with sources — never a judgment that the device is unsafe or drifting. Snapshot 2026-07-08.
Reimbursement — how devices like this got paid
Not yet tracked — no payment pathway indexed for this clearance (the reimbursement corpus is a growing seed set).
Applicable FDA guidance — what the submission is measured against
FDA guidance documents and guiding principles applicable to 510(k) AI/ML devices in the Hematology panel. A curated reference index, not legal or regulatory advice — each item states its own status, and a draft is never binding.
- Final guidance2026-01Clinical Decision Support Software
Clinical decision support · SaMD (general)
New final guidance issued Jan 2026, superseding the Sept 2022 version; narrows the device-CDS scope. Applies to software that informs clinical management.
- Final guidance2026-01General Wellness: Policy for Low Risk Devices
SaMD (general) · Clinical decision support
Revised final (Jan 2026); now addresses noninvasive products estimating physiologic parameters (SpO2, BP, glucose). Reshapes the device / non-device line for AI wellness features.
- Final guidance2025-09Computer Software Assurance for Production and Quality Management System Software
SaMD (general) · Postmarket
Final (Sept 2025). Covers software used in production/QMS (incl. ML development-pipeline tooling), superseding Section 6 of the 2002 GPSV — not device software functions themselves.
- Final guidance2025-06Cybersecurity in Medical Devices: Quality Management System Considerations and Content of Premarket Submissions
Cybersecurity · Software premarket content
Reissued June 2025 (retitled 'Quality Management System', was Sept 2023 'Quality System'); adds coverage of FD&C Act §524B cyber devices.
- Final guidance2024-12Marketing Submission Recommendations for a Predetermined Change Control Plan for Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Device Software Functions
Predetermined Change Control Plan · AI/ML lifecycle · Software premarket content
Final (Dec 2024). Supersedes the April 2023 AI/ML PCCP draft.
- Final guidance2023-10Electronic Submission Template for Medical Device 510(k) Submissions
Software premarket content
eSTAR has been mandatory for 510(k)s since Oct 2023 — operationally unavoidable, though not AI-specific.
- Final guidance2023-08Off-The-Shelf Software Use in Medical Devices
Software premarket content · SaMD (general)
Final (Aug 2023). Applies when a device incorporates off-the-shelf software components (common in ML stacks).
- Final guidance2023-06Content of Premarket Submissions for Device Software Functions
Software premarket content · SaMD (general)
Final (June 2023); replaced the May 2005 'Software Contained in Medical Devices' guidance. Documentation level drives the software content of the submission.
- Final guidance2022-09Policy for Device Software Functions and Mobile Medical Applications
SaMD (general) · Clinical decision support
Current version Sept 2022. Frames which software functions FDA regulates as devices.
- Final guidance2021-10De Novo Classification Process (Evaluation of Automatic Class III Designation)
De Novo pathway
Final (Oct 2021), issued with the De Novo final rule. Most relevant to first-of-a-kind devices without a predicate (DEN-numbered clearances).
- Final guidance2016-12Postmarket Management of Cybersecurity in Medical Devices
Cybersecurity · Postmarket
- Final guidance2002-01General Principles of Software Validation
SaMD (general) · Software premarket content
Still active except Section 6 (superseded Sept 2025 by the Computer Software Assurance final guidance).
- Draft guidance2025-01Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Device Software Functions: Lifecycle Management and Marketing Submission Recommendations
AI/ML lifecycle · Software premarket content · Transparency
Draft as of July 2026 (published Jan 2025); finalization is on CDRH's FY2026 agenda but not yet published. Treat as FDA's stated direction, not a binding expectation.
- Draft guidance2024-08Predetermined Change Control Plans for Medical Devices
Predetermined Change Control Plan · Postmarket
Draft (Aug 2024) extending PCCPs beyond AI to all devices under FD&C §515C; not final as of July 2026.
- Guiding principles2024-06Transparency for Machine Learning-Enabled Medical Devices: Guiding Principles
Transparency · AI/ML lifecycle
- Guiding principles2023-10Predetermined Change Control Plans for Machine Learning-Enabled Medical Devices: Guiding Principles
Predetermined Change Control Plan · AI/ML lifecycle
FDA/Health Canada/MHRA joint principles (Oct 2023); companion to the GMLP and Transparency principles.
- Guiding principles2021-10Good Machine Learning Practice for Medical Device Development: Guiding Principles
AI/ML lifecycle · SaMD (general)
FDA/Health Canada/MHRA joint principles (Oct 2021). Foundational, not a binding guidance; IMDRF issued a related GMLP document Jan 2025.
Applicability is derived from the device's FDA advisory panel and pathway — cross-cutting guidances apply to every AI/ML device; panel-specific ones are flagged. Titles, dates, and links verified against fda.gov as of July 2026.